Astron. Astrophys. 355, 1129-1137 (2000)

The structure of the collapsing envelope around the low-mass protostar IRAS 16293-2422 ^*

C. Ceccarelli ¹, A. Castets ², E. Caux ³, D. Hollenbach ⁴, L. Loinard ⁵, S. Molinari ⁶ and A.G.G.M. Tielens <sup>7

1</sup> Laboratoire d'Astrophysique, Observatoire de Grenoble - B.P. 53, 38041 Grenoble cedex 09, France
² Observatoire de Bordeaux, B.P. 89, 33270 Floirac, France
³ CESR CNRS-UPS, B.P. 4346, 31028 Toulouse cedex 04, France
⁴ NASA Ames Research Center, MS 245-3, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, USA
⁵ Institut de Radio Astronomie Millimétrique, 300 rue de la piscine, 38406 St. Martin d'Hères, France
⁶ IPAC, California Institute of Technology, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
⁷ SRON/Kaypten Institute, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen, The Netherlands

Received 6 December 1999 / Accepted 21 January 2000

Abstract

Using H₂O, OI and SiO data, we derive the structure of the collapsing envelope around the low-mass protostar IRAS16293-2422 down to AU. With an accurate model which computes self-consistently the chemical composition, thermal balance and line emission from a collapsing envelope (Ceccarelli et al. 1996), we find that IRAS16293-2422 is a 0.8 protostar accreting from the surrounding envelope at a rate of yr^-1, in good agreement with previous studies. The model predicts that the water abundance in the outer (r 150 AU) part of the envelope is with respect to H nuclei, while it is a few times larger at smaller radii (r 150 AU). This enhancement results from the evaporation of icy grain mantles when the temperature exceeds 100 K. The same model can reproduce the observations of the SiO J=2-3 to J=8-7 lines provided the abundance of SiO is in the inner region, while it is only in the rest of the envelope. The SiO abundance enhancement in the inner regions is likely due to the evaporation of the grain mantles also responsible for the abundance enhancement of H₂O. The cooling and heating mechanisms of the gas throughout the envelope as derived from the model are discussed, and used to derive the gas temperature profile.

Key words: stars: circumstellar matter stars: formation ISM: individual objects: IRAS 16293-2422

* Based on observations with ISO, an ESA project with instruments funded by ESA Member States (especially the PI countries: France, Germany, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom) with the participation of ISAS and NASA.

Send offprint requests to: Cecilia Ceccarelli; LAOG; (Cecilia.Ceccarelli@obs.ujf-grenoble.fr)

SIMBAD Objects

Contents

• 1. Introduction
• 2. Observational data set
• 3. LVG modeling of the data
• 4. Modeling the collapsing envelope
  • 4.1. General considerations
  • 4.2. Description of the model
  • 4.3. Constraining the model parameters
  • 4.4. Results
  • 4.5. SiO emission from the collapsing envelope
• 5. Discussion
• 6. Conclusions
• Acknowledgements
• References

© European Southern Observatory (ESO) 2000

Online publication: March 21, 2000
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