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Astron. Astrophys. 357, 1073-1085 (2000) 2. Basic equationsThe wave electromagnetic fields obey Maxwell's equations where the current density,
As discussed in the Introduction, we use the mathematical model of two-fluid MHD in order to take into account some important linear and nonlinear effects in the low-frequency short-scale AWs. In two-fluid MHD the electron and ion fluids are allowed to move in separate ways, but are coupled by collective electromagnetic fields and by the electron-ion friction force. The equations of motion for the electrons and ions are: where where Note that we have dropped the perpendicular friction force,
responsible for the perpendicular resistivity, because its
contribution in the wave dissipation is
The particles number densities obey the continuity equations where the subscript s denotes particles species,
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() © European Southern Observatory (ESO) 2000 Online publication: June 5, 2000 ![]() |